When Does Bermuda Grass Go Dormant?

Introduction:

For homeowners with Bermuda grass lawns, the changing seasons bring not just cooler temperatures but also questions about their turf’s health. One of the most common concerns arises when the vibrant green fades and the blades turn brown: when does Bermuda grass go dormant? Understanding this natural cycle is crucial for proper lawn care and ensuring a healthy, vibrant return in spring.

What is Dormancy?

Dormancy is a state of reduced biological activity triggered by environmental factors like temperature. For warm-season grasses like Bermuda, this occurs in cooler months when their optimal growth conditions no longer exist. It’s not death, but a survival mechanism that allows the grass to conserve energy and protect itself from harsh winter conditions like frost and freezing temperatures.

When Does Dormancy Occur?

The exact timing of dormancy depends on several factors:

• Climate: The key trigger is soil temperature. When soil temperatures consistently drop below 55°F at a depth of 4 inches, Bermuda grass starts transitioning into dormancy. This typically occurs between late October and December in USDA zones 8b-11, where Bermuda thrives. In colder zones, dormancy may begin earlier.
• Weather patterns: Unusually warm spells can delay dormancy, while early frosts can accelerate it.
• Lawn health: Healthy, well-maintained lawns often enter dormancy later and retain some green color longer. Stressed or unhealthy lawns might go dormant earlier.

Signs of Dormancy:

Observing your lawn will tell you when it’s entering dormancy. Signs include:

• Color change: The vibrant green fades to brown, straw-colored, or reddish-brown.
• Reduced growth: Grass stops growing and appears dormant.
• Blade structure: Blades may become thinner and shorter.

Dormancy: A Time for Rest, Not Neglect

While your Bermuda grass may appear lifeless, it’s crucial to remember that dormancy is a vital rest period. Don’t neglect your lawn during this time! Here are some key care tips:

• Reduced watering: Dormancy significantly reduces water needs. Avoid overwatering, which can promote fungal diseases. Only water deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry.
• No mowing: Stop mowing once the grass has stopped growing. Mowing dormant grass can damage the crowns and weaken the lawn.
• Leave the clippings: Decomposed clippings provide nutrients for the soil and help insulate the crowns during winter.
• Avoid foot traffic: Walking on dormant grass can compact the soil and damage the crowns.
• Fertilize cautiously: Generally, fertilizing during dormancy isn’t recommended. If your lawn needs a boost, wait until soil temperatures reach 55°F in spring.

When Does Bermuda Grass Greengrow Up Again?

The greening-up process, called green-up or spring transition, occurs when soil temperatures consistently reach 60°F and nighttime temperatures stay above 50°F. This typically happens between March and May, depending on your location and weather patterns.

Dormancy: A Strategic Retreat, Not a Farewell

Dormancy is a state of reduced biological activity triggered by environmental cues, primarily declining soil temperatures. For warm-season grasses like Bermuda, this occurs in cooler months when their optimal growth conditions no longer exist. It’s not a sign of decline, but a clever survival mechanism. Imagine it as a strategic retreat, allowing the grass to conserve energy and protect itself from the harsh realities of winter, like frost and freezing temperatures.

Timing the Transition: When Does the Clock Start Ticking?

Pinpointing the exact timing of dormancy depends on several factors:

• Climate: The key trigger is soil temperature. When soil temperatures consistently dip below 55°F at a depth of 4 inches, Bermuda grass starts preparing for its winter slumber. This typically occurs between late October and December in warmer zones (USDA 8b-11), where Bermuda thrives. In colder zones, dormancy may begin earlier.
• Weather patterns: Unusually warm autumn spells can delay dormancy, while early frosts can accelerate it. Think of it as a flexible deadline that nature adjusts based on the current conditions.
• Lawn health: Healthy, well-maintained lawns often enter dormancy later and retain some green color longer. Stressed or unhealthy lawns might go dormant earlier, highlighting the importance of proper care throughout the growing season.

Optimizing Spring Greening: Helping Your Lawn Shine

While nature takes its course, you can help your Bermuda grass emerge from dormancy stronger and healthier than ever. Here are some additional tips:

• Light raking: After green-up, gently rake to remove dead blades and debris, allowing for better air circulation and sunlight penetration.
• Deep watering: Once active growth resumes, water deeply and infrequently to encourage strong root development. Remember, deep watering promotes strong roots, while frequent shallow watering leads to weak, surface-level roots.
• Balanced fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer according to soil test results once the grass actively grows. This provides the essential nutrients your lawn needs for optimal health and growth.
• Regional considerations: Remember, the timing and care.

The Do’s and Don’ts of Bermuda Grass Care:

Do	Don’t
Deep water: Water deeply and infrequently to encourage strong roots.	Overwater: Frequent shallow watering leads to weak, surface-level roots and promotes fungal diseases.
Mow high: Keep the grass tall (2-3 inches) for better shade, heat tolerance, and weed suppression.	Mow too low: Scalping the lawn stresses it and leaves it vulnerable to weeds and disease.
Fertilize strategically: Apply balanced fertilizer based on soil tests and follow the recommended timing based on your location.	Overfertilize: Excess fertilizer can harm the environment, pollute waterways, and burn your lawn.
Control weeds: Use selective herbicides carefully and only when necessary.	Use herbicide indiscriminately: This can harm beneficial insects and disrupt the natural balance of your lawn.
Aerate regularly: Aerate compacted soil to improve air and water flow.	Ignore compacted soil: This can suffocate roots and hinder lawn health.

Conclusion:

Understanding the dormancy cycle of your Bermuda grass is essential for proper care throughout the year. By providing the right maintenance during this resting period, you can ensure a vibrant and healthy lawn that returns to its green glory in the spring.

FAQs

1. When should I water my Bermuda grass? 

Water deeply and infrequently, aiming for 1-1.5 inches per watering to reach 6-8 inches deep. Allow the top inch of soil to dry before watering again.

2. What’s the ideal mowing height for Bermuda grass?

 Keep it tall at 2-3 inches to promote shade tolerance, heat resistance, and weed suppression. Scalping (mowing too low) stresses the lawn.

3. Do I need to fertilize my Bermuda grass?

Yes, but strategically. Use balanced fertilizer based on soil tests and follow recommended timing for your location. Over fertilization is harmful.